She considered this the end of her marriage and left for France shortly before her husband abdicated the throne to their oldest living son, Napoleon-Louis Bonaparte, making him Louis II of Holland. When Napoleon married Marie Louise, Hortense returned to the Netherlands temporarily, but found that the Dutch did not welcome her. This forced Hortense to return to the Netherlands and reconcile with her husband. She remained in France, again pleased by her status as a queen at the French court, until 1810, when Napoléon remarried to Marie Louise of Austria. In 1807 her first son died she was allowed to stay in France subsequently, as the climate there was considered better for raising her other son Louis-Napoléon. She also refused to give up her French citizenship and declare herself Dutch as Louis did. The couple lived in different parts of the palace and avoided each other at every opportunity, with Hortense describing herself as a prisoner. Nevertheless, she hated her stay there because of her relationship with King Louis. She learned water-colour painting and made trips around the countryside. She attended official celebrations and ceremonies, visited the marketplaces where she made large purchases, and was much liked by the public, which annoyed her husband. She became accustomed to life in the Netherlands quickly and came to like the country. Queen Hortense was pleasantly surprised when the Dutch public welcomed her warmly. She was forced to depart to the Netherlands with Louis eventually, where she arrived on 18 June 1806. She had hoped to be "a Queen of Holland in Paris," but Napoléon did not agree. Second, she had to leave her life as a celebrated member of Parisian society. First, it was necessary for her to move there with Louis, with whom she did not get along. Hortense's reacted to her appointment as Queen of Holland was negatively for two reasons. Napoléon appointed his brother Louis as King of Holland in 1806 and Hortense accompanied her husband to The Hague. Hortense was reluctant to marry at first, but her mother persuaded her to accept the proposal for the political wellbeing and prosperity of the family. In 1802, at Napoléon's request, Hortense married his brother Louis Bonaparte. She also enjoyed playing games and excelled at billiards particularly. Hortense was an accomplished amateur musical composer and supplied the army of her stepfather with rousing marches, including Partant pour la Syrie. There, she developed a love for fine art and music. She was sent to boarding school when her mother, Josephine, decided that she did not have enough time to raise children. She received her education at the school of Madame Jeanne Campan in St-Germain-en-Laye together with Napoléon's youngest sister Caroline Bonaparte, who later married Joachim Murat. Hortense was described as having been an amusing and pretty child with long, pale golden-blonde hair and blue eyes. Two years later, her mother married Napoléon Bonaparte. Her mother was imprisoned in the Carmelites’ prison, from which she was released on 6 August 1794, due to the intervention of her friend Thérèse Tallien. Her father was executed on 23 July 1794, at the time of the French Revolution, a few days before the end of the Reign of Terror. Her parents separated when she was five years old and, between the ages of five and ten, she was sent to live in Martinique. She was born as the second child and first daughter to Alexandre François Marie, Vicomte de Beauharnais, and Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie. Hortense Eugénie Cécile Bonaparte was born in Paris, France, on 10 April 1783. She also had an illegitimate son, Charles, Duke of Morny, with her lover, the Comte de Flahaut. She was the mother of Napoléon III, Emperor of the French Louis II of Holland and Napoléon Louis Charles Bonaparte who died at the age of four. Hortense later married Napoléon I’s brother, Louis Bonaparte, who had been made King of Holland, making her her stepfather’s sister-in-law. She was the stepdaughter of Emperor Napoléon I as the daughter of his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais. MARIE DE MÉDICIS (1573–1642), queen of France (1600–1610) and regent (1610–1617) for her son, Louis XIII.Hortense Eugénie Cécile Bonaparte ( French pronunciation: née de Beauharnais, pronounced 10 April 1783 – 5 October 1837) was Queen consort of Holland. Name variations: Marie de L'Incarnation Mary of the Incarnation Marie Gu… Marie De Medici, Marie De Médicis (1573–1642) Marie De Lincarnation, French educator and founder of the Ursuline Order in New France (Canada).
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